The Justice System

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1. Question 1
   The Canadian justice system is built on the presumption of innocence in criminal cases. What does this mean?

   1. Everyone is innocent until proven guilty
   2. Everyone is guilty until proven innocent
   3. Only judges can be presumed innocent
   4. The police decide who is guilty
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   Answer: A. Everyone is innocent until proven guilty

   In criminal matters, a person is innocent until proven guilty.

   Discover Canada, p. 36 · Read the notes for this chapter

2. Question 2
   Canada has courts at several levels, from small claims courts up to the top. What is Canada's highest court?

   1. The Supreme Court of Canada
   2. The Federal Court of Canada
   3. The provincial court of appeal
   4. The Court of King's Bench
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   Answer: A. The Supreme Court of Canada

   The Supreme Court of Canada is the highest court in the country.

   Discover Canada, p. 37 · Read the notes for this chapter

3. Question 3
   Most provinces use the RCMP as their provincial police, but a few do not. Which two provinces have their own provincial police forces?

   1. Manitoba and Saskatchewan
   2. Ontario and Quebec
   3. Nova Scotia and New Brunswick
   4. British Columbia and Alberta
   Show answer

   Answer: B. Ontario and Quebec

   Ontario and Quebec have provincial police; the RCMP serves the other provinces.

   Discover Canada, p. 37 · Read the notes for this chapter

4. Question 4
   You have a legal problem and need help in court, but you do not have money to pay a lawyer. What can you do?

   1. Nothing; you must represent yourself
   2. Use free or low-cost legal aid
   3. Ask the judge to defend you
   4. Ask the police to be your lawyer
   Show answer

   Answer: B. Use free or low-cost legal aid

   Most communities have legal aid services at no cost or low cost.

   Discover Canada, p. 37 · Read the notes for this chapter

5. Question 5
   Everyone in Canada is entitled to due process under the law. What is due process?

   1. Court decisions can never be appealed to a higher court
   2. The government must respect all of a person's legal rights
   3. Trials must be finished within a week
   4. Police may act without rules
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   Answer: B. The government must respect all of a person's legal rights

   Due process means the government must respect every legal right a person has.

   Discover Canada, p. 36 · Read the notes for this chapter

6. Question 6
   Some courts handle only certain kinds of cases. What kinds of cases does the Federal Court of Canada handle?

   1. Disputes between two private neighbours
   2. Small claims
   3. Matters concerning the federal government
   4. Divorce and child custody cases
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   Answer: C. Matters concerning the federal government

   The Federal Court deals with matters that involve the federal government.

   Discover Canada, p. 37 · Read the notes for this chapter

7. Question 7
   You feel that a police officer treated you unfairly. Can you question the police about their service or conduct?

   1. Only after a court case
   2. Only lawyers may question the police
   3. Yes, most forces have a complaints process
   4. No, police conduct cannot be questioned
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   Answer: C. Yes, most forces have a complaints process

   Almost every police force has a way for people to raise concerns.

   Discover Canada, p. 37 · Read the notes for this chapter

8. Question 8
   You need help with a legal problem, such as a dispute over a contract. How can a lawyer help you?

   1. By arresting people who have wronged you
   2. By writing new laws for your community
   3. By choosing which judge hears your case
   4. By advising you and acting for you in court
   Show answer

   Answer: D. By advising you and acting for you in court

   Lawyers advise on legal problems and can represent you in court.

   Discover Canada, p. 37 · Read the notes for this chapter

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