‹ Canada's History

United Empire Loyalists p. 15

  • Crown supporters who fled the American Revolution. Loyalists fled the American Revolution and settled in Nova Scotia and Quebec. p. 15
  • More than 40,000. More than 40,000 Loyalists came north. p. 15
  • Joseph Brant. Joseph Brant brought thousands of Mohawk Loyalists to Canada. p. 15
  • Freetown, Sierra Leone. Some black Nova Scotians who had poor land moved to found Freetown in West Africa. p. 15
  • Sir Guy Carleton (Lord Dorchester). Carleton, Governor of Quebec, also supervised the Loyalist migration of 1782–83. p. 15
  • 1776. The 13 colonies declared independence in 1776 and formed the United States. p. 15

The Beginnings of Democracy p. 16

  • Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1758. The first elected assembly met in Halifax in 1758. p. 16
  • Split Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada. The 1791 Act split the Province of Quebec into Upper Canada and Lower Canada. p. 16
  • Ontario. Upper Canada became Ontario; Lower Canada became Quebec. p. 16
  • British North America. Together they were called British North America. p. 16
  • 1773. After Nova Scotia (1758), P.E.I. followed in 1773 and New Brunswick in 1785. p. 16
  • 1785. New Brunswick's first assembly came in 1785. p. 16

Abolition of slavery p. 16

  • Upper Canada. In 1793 Upper Canada, under John Graves Simcoe, moved first toward abolition. p. 16
  • 1833. Slavery was abolished across the Empire in 1833. p. 16
  • A Christian anti-slavery network that helped slaves reach Canada. Thousands of slaves escaped from the U.S. and reached Canada through this network. p. 16
  • Upper Canada's first Lieutenant Governor and founder of York. Simcoe founded York (now Toronto) and moved Upper Canada toward abolishing slavery. p. 16
  • 1807. The slave trade was banned in 1807; slavery itself was abolished in 1833. p. 16
  • Becoming the first woman publisher in Canada. In 1853 she helped found The Provincial Freeman, an anti-slavery newspaper. p. 16

A growing economy p. 16

  • 1832. The Montreal Stock Exchange opened in 1832. p. 16
  • Farming and exporting natural resources. For centuries the economy relied on farming and on exporting resources like fur, fish and timber. p. 16
  • Fort Garry (Winnipeg) and Fort Edmonton. Posts such as Fort Garry, Fort Edmonton, Fort Langley and Fort Victoria grew into cities. p. 16

Discover Canada, pp. 15–16. MapleQuiz summary, not official text. Read this chapter on canada.ca

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